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On the second spot of Turkish football league system lays the TFF 1. Lig. This league was founded in 2001 and has 18 active teams under its division based on the 2016-2017 season. If you are a fan of this league then you might want to place some wagers using Bitcoins on teams like Boluspor, Giresunspor, Samsunspor, Sivasspor, Yeni Malatyaspor, Minsaspor, and a lot more!
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The TFF 1. league (read: TFF Birinci Lig) is the second highest league in Turkish football since summer 2008. The league was introduced in 1963 under the name Türkiye 2. Futbol Ligi, short 2. Lig, and kept this name until the summer of 2001. Between 2001 and 2008 the league was called Türkiye 2. Futbol Ligi A Kategorisi, short 2. Lig A Kategorisi. In 2008 it was renamed TFF 1. Lig after the name of the highest Turkish league had been changed from Türkiye 1. Futbol Ligi, short 1. Lig, to its present form, Süper Lig.
Mode for League Foundation and the 2nd Season (1963-1965)
The game mode of the TFF 1. Lig changed several times. It was introduced in the summer of 1963 under the name Türkiye 2. Futbol Ligi as a single-track league with 13 teams, with all teams playing against each other twice in home and away matches. The league champions rose directly to the highest league in Turkey, the first league at the time, while the last team in the league relegated to the regional amateur league. Already in the second season, the 1964/65 season, the total number of teams was increased to 16 and the league was played without relegation. The champion was back in the 1st league, today’s Süper Lig was promoted and there were no relegated teams.
Two-lane league with subsequent final round (1965-1966)
Already in the season 1965/66, the 3rd season of the 2nd league, the league system was fundamentally reformed. Instead of a single-track league, in which the champion was promoted directly to the 1st league, the league was played in two stages. In the 1st stage, the league was played in two groups, the Red Group and the White Group, each with eleven teams. After the end of the 1st stage, the first four teams from both groups were included in a common group, the final round. As part of the 2nd stage, the first two teams were promoted from the final round to the 1st league. The last two teams in the Red and White groups, the last two in the 2nd leg, decided the only relegation of the league to the Türkiye 3rd Futbol Ligi, announced for the coming season.
Two-lane league with two promoted players (1966-1978)
Already in the summer of 1966 the game mode underwent another change. From then on, the league was played on two tracks, with both of the top teams in the league being promoted directly to the 1st league as second league champions. The last of both groups in the table relegated to the newly founded third-highest Turkish league, the 3rd league. The total number of teams was increased from 22 to 33, while the groups continued to be called Group Red and Group White. The two-lane interpretation of the league, in which there were two promoted teams, remained in place until the summer of 1978. Only the number of teams varied over the seasons and with it also the number of relegates into the 3rd league.
Two-lane league with three promoted players (1978-1980)
With the 1978/79 season, the previous game mode was slightly changed. The league remained a two-track league. Only beside the two group firsts the directly into the 1. league ascended a further ascender was introduced. This third ascender was determined by the two runners-up in a play-off match played on neutral ground. While the 1978/79 season was still played with relegation, in the 1979/80 season relegation was not played. The reason for the league without relegation was that in the summer of 1980 it was decided to abolish the third highest league in Turkish professional football, the 3rd league.
Three-lane league with three promoted players (1980-1981)
Before the 1980/81 season, the third highest league in Turkish professional football, the 3rd league, was abolished and the teams in the 3rd league were transferred to the first higher league, the 2nd league. Due to the increased number of teams, the league was not played in two groups in contrast to the previous season, but was expanded into a three-track league with two times 18 teams (groups A and B) and once 16 teams (group C). A total of 52 teams played in three groups for the promotion to the Süper Lig. The first teams of all three groups are directly promoted to the higher Süper Lig. The season was played without relegation.
Four-lane league with four promoted players (1981-1983)
In the 1981/82 season, in contrast to the previous season, the 2nd league was not played in three groups, but was transferred to a four-track league with 15 teams each. A total of 60 teams played in four groups for promotion to the 1st league or against relegation to the then subordinate regional amateur leagues. The first of all four groups will be promoted directly to the higher Süper Lig. The teams in the last position of all groups relegated to the regional amateur leagues. This mode was essentially retained in the 1982/83 season. Before the start of the season, the Turkish Football Association decided that the second division, which had been played four-track since last season, should be reduced back to a three-track league. In order to achieve this, it was decided that the last five places in the league tables for all groups should be relegated to the subordinate third-rate regional amateur leagues.
Three-lane league with three promoted teams (1983-1992)
Starting in summer, the league was transferred from a four-track league back to a three-track league. The top two in all three groups were promoted directly to the higher 1st league, while the two last placed in all groups were relegated to the third highest division, the 3rd league, which was reinstated in the summer of 1983.
The three-lane interpretation of the league, in which there were three promoted players, remained until the summer of 1992. Only the number of teams varied over the seasons and with it also the number of relegates into the 3rd league.
Five-lane league with subsequent promotion and relegation round (1992-1993)
In the 1992/93 season, the second-highest league was fundamentally reformed. Instead of the champions being promoted directly to the 1st league in a three-track league as before, the league was played in two stages this season. In the first stage the league was played in a qualifying round (Turkish academy Grupları) in five groups with eleven and ten teams respectively with first and second legs. After the end of the 1st stage, the first two teams from all groups were included in a joint group, the promotion round (Turkish Yükselme Grubu), and played here for promotion to the 1st league. The remaining teams in the five groups of the qualification round played in unchanged group constellation now in a relegation round (Turkish Düşme Grupları) around the relegation into the 3. Lig. Both the ascent round and the relegation round represented thereby the 2. stage and were played out with first and return play. The teams on the first three places of the ascent round rose directly into the 1. league and the last two and/or three teams of all groups of the relegation round relegated into the 3. league. While the points from the qualification round were not taken into the promotion round, they were counted unchanged into the relegation round.
Five-lane league with subsequent promotion, relegation and play-off rounds (1993-2001)
In the 1993/94 season, the second-highest league was played in two stages, as in the previous season. In the 1st stage, the league was played in a qualifying round in five groups of ten teams each with first and second legs. After the end of the first stage, the first two teams from all groups were included in a common group, the promotion round, and played here for promotion to the first league. The remaining teams in the five groups of the qualification round now played in an unchanged group constellation in a relegation round for relegation to the third league. Both the promotion round and the relegation round represented the second stage and were played with first and second legs. The teams in the first three places of the relegation round went directly to the 1st league and the last two teams of all groups in the relegation round went down to the 3rd league. While the points from the qualification round were not taken into the promotion round, they were counted unchanged in the relegation round. In the pre-season, there was a trend that the relegation round would quickly become less attractive for spectators and the media. Many teams secured their place in the class at a very early stage and then played aimlessly in front of empty ranks. In addition, several players were sold because they wanted to save unnecessary costs. In order to increase the attractiveness of the league, it was decided to introduce a third stage in the form of a play-off round in addition to the existing constellation. The teams in places four to six of the ascent round and all group leaders of the relegation groups were to play out the remaining ascenders in the knockout system. In the summer of 1994, the number of teams in the first league was to be increased from 16 to 18. In order to guarantee this, there should be five promoted teams instead of the three relegated teams. The two additional promoted players were played out in the 1993/94 season via the play-offs. The play-offs were played at the end of the group phase in a city that was neutral for all teams.
In the 1994/95 season, the existing game mode was only slightly modified. The number of promoted teams was reduced from five to three. Two promoted players formed the two first-placed players of the promotion round, the last promoted player was determined via the play-off round. This play mode was maintained until the summer of 2001.
Single-track league (2001-2005)
With the 2001/02 season, the TFF 1. league was transferred into a single-track league with 20 teams, with all teams competing against each other twice in home and away games. The teams in the top three places in the table went straight to the highest Turkish league, the Süper Lig. The teams that finished 16th to 20th in the league at the end of the season were promoted to the third highest league, the TFF 2nd league. This play mode was essentially maintained in the seasons 2002/03, 2003/04 and 2004/05. Only the total number of teams was reduced from 20 to 18 after the 2001/02 season and the relegated teams were limited to the teams in 16th to 18th place.
Single-track league with additional play-off (since 2005)
To increase the attractiveness and excitement of the league, the Turkish Football Association slightly changed the game mode in the 2005/06 season. Instead of letting the first three players in the league rise directly into the Süper Lig, the direct promotion places were limited to 1st and 2nd place. The last promoted player was indirectly determined by the play-offs, which were held in a knockout system after the regular season. The teams that qualified for the play-offs were those that had finished the regular season in places 3 to 6 of the table. In the first season in which the play-off system was introduced, the 2005/06 season, all play-off encounters were held at a neutral location for all participating teams. All play-off stages were played in a single match. This mode was maintained until the 2009/10 season. With the 2009/10 season, the previous play-off round was converted into a promotion round. In this promotion round, the teams that had finished the regular season in 3rd to 6th place indirectly determined the third and last promoted team in a single-track league system. The promotion round was held in a neutral venue for all teams involved, with all teams having to compete against each other once. The first team of the ascent lap was then promoted to the Süper Lig. This play mode was already transferred to the previous one for the next season, the 2010/11 season. The last promoted player was determined again in a play-off round. In contrast to the previous play-off system, each play-off level was played in a round using the away goals rule. The play-off final was played in a neutral location for all teams involved and consisted of a single match.
History
The league was founded in 2001 as Turkish Second League Category A with 20 teams. It was repositioned as a second league and separated from the old second league (Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu 2nd Lig). Since 2002 only 18 teams compete against each other. In 2006/07 the league was called Türk Telekom Lig A.
From the second half of the 2007/08 season, the 2nd Turkish league was named Bank Asya 1st league after the main sponsor of the league. Bank Asya is a Turkish credit institution. After the 28th matchday of the 2011/12 season, Bank Asya, the sponsor of the Turkish Football Association, announced that it had withdrawn from the sponsorship agreement. As a result, the league was renamed TFF 1 Lig until further notice. About two weeks after this decision, the holder of the league’s TV rights persuaded the state-owned TRT to persuade Bank Asya to continue to act as name sponsor for the remaining four match days and the subsequent five relegation matches. Thus, until the end of the 2011/12 season, the league again received the name Bank Asya 1. league.
The contracts for the naming rights expired at the end of the 2011/12 season and were not extended with Bank Asya. Instead, it was announced that the Turkish Post Office (PTT) had secured the naming rights for the two upcoming seasons 2012/13 and 2013/14. The league will therefore be called PTT 1st League for the next two seasons.