France Feminine Division 1 Bitcoin Sports Betting
The Division 1 Féminine is the female counterpart for the men’s Ligue 1. The league is being contested by 12 teams and was founded way back in 1974. Fans are now able to bet using Bitcoins on the 2017-2018 season on teams like Albi, Bordeaux, Fleury, Juvisy, Lyon, and a lot more. Below are the betting odds for the France Feminine Division 1 games.
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Division 1 Féminine or short D1F is the highest division in French women’s football. It was established in 1992, was officially known as Championnat National 1 A (N1A) until 2002 and has always included twelve teams from the outset. To date, their teams have consisted of 55 clubs, the longest being Juvisy FCF (the only one in all seasons until 2017), ASJ Soyaux, Stade Saint-Brieuc and Paris Saint-Germain.
In terms of organisation and sports law, it reports to the FFF. The winning team is awarded a challenge cup as the French women’s champion of the season in question. Before the league was founded, a championship in the form of a final tournament had been played out since 1974/75.
By European standards, the creation of the league took place relatively late. On 21 March 2013, the D1F took first place in the UEFA five-year ranking for the first time – ahead of the German and Swedish top divisions – thanks to the success of its representatives in the UEFA Women’s Champions League. Despite such developments, which are essentially based on the successes of a single club (the “serial champion” Olympique Lyon), the D1F in France only occupies a subordinate position compared to the top men’s league in terms of media and spectator interest as well as economic indicators (club budgets, player incomes, transfer sums, sponsoring).
History of the championships
The FFF has not recognised the title battles and winners from the early decades of the 20th century to the present day. The subsequent official French championships after the Second World War, which have lasted for four decades to date, can be divided into a few sections, each dominated by one or two women.
In all, the history of French women’s football in these four decades has only seen eleven different championship clubs – and when you consider that the successful teams in Toulouse and Lyon had changed clubs to the larger local club, only nine. Juvisy FCF can, of course, claim the longest lasting success (see also the “Eternal Table” below), because since 1992 there have only been three seasons in which they have not been among the best three teams in France – that was 2010/11 and 2015/16, when the women from the 15,000-population community each only finished fourth in the final table, and 2016/17 with a fifth place. Juvisy merged with Paris FC in 2017 and will therefore be unable to continue its success story.
Prehistory until the middle of the 20th century
Women were already playing football in France before the First World War, and there were also national champions at that time, although these sporting activities were mainly concentrated in Paris. Fémina Sport won twelve of the 15 titles, and the other champions (En Avant and Les Sportives twice) also came from the capital.[2] Because neither the FFF, founded in 1919, nor its predecessor Comité Français Interfédéral (CFI) were prepared to accept women’s clubs, they had formed their own association, the Fédération des Sociétés Féminines Sportives de France (FSFSF), to organise the games. This early history came to an end in the first half of the 1930s.
In the following more than three decades, profound social, economic and political changes also affected women’s football. In the 1930s, these were primarily the increasing rejection of this sport by large sections of French society, the growing competition from other leisure activities for young women, and the material effects of the global economic crisis (for more details, see here). Starting in 1940 and under German occupation, the collaborating Vichy regime promoted a gender role model that was positive about women’s physical activity, but not about football, which was officially branded “harmful to women” and banned in 1941. These developments continued through the liberation of France and the first phase of reconstruction. Even in the 1950s, unlike in other states west of the Iron Curtain, Catholicist societies such as the French did not even take timid steps towards the reinstatement of women’s football. These only took place twenty years after the end of the war with the social and attitudinal change.
Legalization of women’s football and championship finals
After a revival of women’s football in France from the mid-1960s onwards, it was not until March 1970 that the FFF legalised the practice of women’s football (for more details, see here) and another four years before it established an official French championship. Eight women’s teams had qualified for their first final round (1974/75) in regional preliminary decisions: FC Bergerac, SC Caluire Saint-Clair, ARC Cavaillon, FC Metz, Arago Sport Orléans, Stade Reims, FC Rouen and FC Vendenheim. The women from Reims won the title this debut season.
Stade Reims, who played in all eight finals up to 1982 and won five of them, and AS Étrœungt (three victories in four finals) dominated this first period. These two are, moreover, the only national champions who have never played in France’s top league up to and including the 2015/16 season. Interestingly, teams from the capital region did not play a role during this period. This changed when the VGA Saint-Maur began to dominate the game, with their women winning six league titles between 1983 and 1990, interrupted only by one success each for ASJ Soyaux, who lost four more finals, and CS Saint-Brieuc. Saint-Maur’s last appearance in the final (1991) coincided with the beginning of the supremacy of FC Lyon and Juvisy FCF, who almost alternated between winning the league title until 1998 – both in recent years, when it was still played in a mixture of group matches and a knockout final, and in the league-only mode introduced in 1992.
Play mode and rules
In the course of a season, each team meets every other team twice, once in front of its own audience, the other time away. The main match day is Sunday, but some matches are also played on Saturdays. Champions and runners-up qualify for the UEFA Women’s Champions League, while the last placed teams are relegated to Division 2 Féminine. At the end of the 2010/11 season, there were three relegations from the D1F for the first time because the second league since the start of this season is made up of three groups instead of two, whose group winners have the right to direct promotion. This regulation was revoked at the end of the 2015/16 season, because from 2016/17 there will only be two D2 relay teams left (see below).
Up to and including 1994/95, the two-point rule applied, then the three-point rule. Since the 1998/99 season, in contrast to most other European women’s leagues, four points have been awarded for a win, and a draw has been rewarded with two points instead of one. Even for a defeat, a point was awarded if the match was played and not decided at the green table. As of the 2016/17 season, the D1F (as well as the second league) has returned to the three-point rule. Another French peculiarity is that if two or more teams have the same number of points, the first ranking criterion will be the results of the direct encounters and only then the goal difference or the number of goals scored in all 22 games.
From 1999/2000, following the “normal” double points round, a championship round of the top four teams was held to determine the winner of the title; the association had hoped that this season’s final, known in France as the “Poule des as” (“Group of Aces”), would attract more spectators. In four of the five events, a different team was at the top than the leader of the first phase of the season. After the 2003/04 season, the FFF ended this experiment, even under pressure from the clubs.
The regular period for changes of association lasts from 1 June to 15 July of each year. However, unlike men, women footballers may still switch from 16 July to 31 January of the following year; however, this presupposes the approval of the club that gave them up. If a player had already played for a D1F club in the first half of the season, she was not allowed to switch to a league competitor for the second half of the season up to and including 2017, but only for the following season. Since this restriction does not exist in the men’s leagues, Karima Benameur 2015, which is affected by it, intended to challenge it before a court of law on the grounds of its incompatibility with the prohibition of discrimination. Starting with the “transfer window” in January 2018, the FFF amended this provision; from then on, clubs may also lend up to four players to other D1F clubs during the winter break and temporarily accept up to three of them, provided that they are of legal age and have a federal contract (see the section below).
There is also a clause in the women’s league that stipulates that club officials may not use more than two players who are citizens of a non-EU state.
Audience numbers and media perception
From the 2003/04 season up to and including 2008/09, the average number of visitors per league match was between 140 and 180. Complete figures for previous years are not yet available. In the following two seasons, this figure rose to just over 200, so that a total of 26,000 to 30,000 spectators found their way to the Division 1 stadiums for 132 point games. In the years following the successful 2011 World Cup for France, spectator interest increased sharply and tripled, falling only slightly short of the 700 mark in the 2013/14 season (a total of 89,900 spectators); in the subsequent season the figure fell slightly (630 spectators per match). In particular, the guest appearances of series master Lyon are crowd-pullers, and since the beginning of the 2010s also those of Paris.
In the 2013/14 season, Lyon had the highest number of spectators at home with an average of 3,100, followed by Juvisy (812), Soyaux (759), Guingamp (602), Yzeure and Paris; relegated Muret, on the other hand, had less than 200. That is why Paris, Lyon, Montpellier, Guingamp, Saint-Étienne and Metz do not play their home league matches in the stadium where the first men’s team of their respective club will play. Montpellier’s women usually play either on the eastern outskirts (Domaine de Grammont) or in Sussargues, Saint-Étienne in L’Étrat and the Metz women in Algrange, 35 km away. The Parisian women use the second largest sports facility in the capital, the Stade Charléty. Lyon normally continue to play in the Stade Fred-Aubert in Saint-Brieuc on a side court of the Stade Gerland and Guingamp; these two clubs only move to the club’s main stadium if they expect a large number of visitors for a single match.
The exception: Paris receive Lyon (2013)
The best-attended matches since 2003 have been Guingamp versus Lyon with 12,263 spectators (2011/12), followed by Lyon versus Paris (10,122, 2014/15), Guingamp versus Lyon again (7,850, 2012/13), Lyon versus Paris (7,512, 2013/14), Lyon versus Montpellier (7,411, 2013/14), Lyon versus Paris (7,037, 2015/16) and Juvisy versus Lyon (7,000, 2011/12)[41,000, 2011/12).
Admission prices for point games are also moderate in the 2014/15 season, averaging less than six euros for adults; the cheapest is a visit to Issy (three euros), the most expensive in Paris (nine euros) On the 4th matchday of 2015/16, the host clubs charged between five euros (Montpellier, Rodez) and eight euros (Juvisy); even for the top match Lyon vs. Paris, only seven euros had to be paid.
In comparison with the first German league (average number of visitors per game since 2010 between 800 and 1,200, best visited game: 12,464) the spectator response in France is weaker overall, but at the top almost the same. For the most comparable leagues in Sweden and England in terms of performance, no meaningful compilations are available so far.
In the media
The weekly trade magazine France Football has been printing the results and the D1F table in its results section since 2010, unlike, for example, the fourth men’s league but without line-ups, scorers, spectator numbers and other details, let alone match reports. This doesn’t look any better in the daily sports newspaper L’Équipe.
Since its introduction in 1992/93, there have occasionally been short reports on the women’s league on television, and from February 2000 there was a weekly time slot on TF1’s very popular programme Téléfoot in which Corinne Diacre could report on women’s football topics for four minutes, but the first contract to broadcast league matches on television was only concluded after the success of the national team at the 2011 World Cup, and only for one season. The rights holders Eurosport and Télévision Française paid a total of 110,000 euros for eleven matches. The following year, the association and both broadcasters concluded a two-year contract, which provided for 50% higher payments. In the 2013/14 season, the number of live broadcasts on Eurosport 2 and France 4 increased to 17 of the 132 matches, and revenues increased accordingly. After all, in September 2014 Eurosport launched a weekly studio programme called Femmes de foot, broadcast every Monday from 22:45, which focuses exclusively on women’s football and focuses on Division 1; this is a premiere throughout Europe. For the period 2018 to 2023, the Canal+ group acquired the broadcasting rights, which intend to broadcast all league matches on pay-TV. However, this would require some clubs to create the technical conditions or to move to a better equipped stadium. The French Football Federation’s revenues will triple from EUR 1.8 million to EUR 5.4 million per year as a result of the award.